latex:tikz [Notes]

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====== TikZ ======

  * [[http://math.et.info.free.fr/TikZ/bdd/TikZ-Impatient.pdf]]
  * [[https://pgf-tikz.github.io/pgf/pgfmanual.pdf]]
  * [[http://pgoutet.free.fr/latex/seance_10/seance_10.pdf]]
  * [[http://tug.ctan.org/info/visualtikz/VisualTikZ-fr.pdf]]
  * [[https://stuff.mit.edu/afs/athena/contrib/tex-contrib/beamer/pgf-1.01/doc/generic/pgf/version-for-tex4ht/en/pgfmanualse9.html]]



==== Problème avec Babel ====

<code latex>
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} 
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[francais]{babel}
\usetikzlibrary{babel}
% ...

\begin{document}
\shorthandoff{:}%
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}
\shorthandon{:}%

% ...
</code>



==== Exemples ====

{{ :latex:tikz-cluster-node.png?400|}}
<code latex>
\usepackage{tikz}

\usetikzlibrary{shapes} % for ellipses, after \begin{document}

\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}[thick,scale=0.8, every node/.style={scale=0.8}]
		\node[draw,ellipse](0) at (0,0) {CPU};
		\node[draw,ellipse](1) at (0,-2) {CPU};
		\node[draw,ellipse](2) at (3,0) {CPU};
		\node[draw,ellipse](3) at (3,-2) {CPU};
		\draw (-2,1)-- (5,1);
		\draw (-2,1)-- (-2,-3);
		\draw (-2,-3)-- (5,-3);
		\draw (5,1)-- (5,-3);

		\node[draw,ellipse](4) at (10,0) {*PU};
		\node[draw](5) at (13,0) {Mémoire};
		\draw (8,1)-- (15,1);
		\draw (8,1)-- (8,-1);
		\draw (15,1)-- (15,-1);
		\draw (8,-1)-- (15,-1);

		\node[draw,ellipse](6) at (10,-3) {*PU};
		\node[draw](7) at (13,-3) {Mémoire};
		\draw (8,-2)-- (15,-2);
		\draw (8,-2)-- (8,-4);
		\draw (15,-2)-- (15,-4);
		\draw (8,-4)-- (15,-4);

		\node[draw](8) at (3,-4) {Mémoire};

		\node[draw](9) at (10,-5) {Réseau};

		\draw (6.5,1)-- (6.5,-6);
		\draw (5,-1)-- (6.5,-1);
		\draw (6.5,0)-- (8,0);
		\draw (6.5,-3)-- (8,-3);
		\draw (8)-- (6.5,-4);
		\draw (6.5,-5)-- (9);
	\end{tikzpicture}
    \caption{Éléments constituant un nœud de supercalculateur}
\end{figure}
</code>


{{ :latex:tikz-graph.png|}}
<code latex>
\usepackage{tikz}

\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta} % for arrow shapes, after \begin{document}

\begin{figure}[ht]
    \centering
	\begin{tikzpicture}
		\node[draw,circle](01) at (-2,0) {0};
		\node[draw,circle](1) at (0,-2) {1};
		\node[draw,circle,dashed](02) at (-2,-2) {0};
		\node[draw,circle](2) at (0,-4) {2};
		\node[draw,circle,dashed](03) at (-2,-4) {0};
		\node[draw,circle](3) at (0,-6) {3};
		\node[draw,circle,dashed](04) at (-2,-6) {0};
		\node[draw,circle](4) at (0,-8) {4};
		\node[draw,circle,dashed](05) at (-2,-8) {0};
		\node[draw,circle](5) at (0,-10) {5};
		\node[draw,circle,dashed](06) at (-2,-10) {0};
		\node[draw,circle](6) at (0,-12) {6};


		% or, simple arrow: \draw[->,>=latex] (a) -- (b)
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]}] (-4,0) -- (-4,-12) node[above,midway,rotate=90]{Temps};

		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]}] (01) -- (1);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]},dashed] (01) -- (02);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]}] (02) -- (2);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]},dashed] (02) -- (03);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]}] (03) -- (3);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]},dashed] (03) -- (04);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]}] (04) -- (4);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]},dashed] (04) -- (05);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]}] (05) -- (5);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]},dashed] (05) -- (06);
		\draw[-{Latex[length=3mm]}] (06) -- (6);
	\end{tikzpicture}
\end{figure}
</code>

=== Mettre du texte au-dessus d'un rectangle ===

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/13401/labeling-rectangle-above-rectangle|Source]]

<code latex>
\draw[orange,ultra thick,rounded corners] (0.316,0.782) rectangle (0.402,0.807);
\path (0.316,0.807) --  (0.402,0.807) node[midway,above,orange] {\textbf{A}}; % reprend les coordonnées du côté haut du rectangle
</code>


=== Mettre du texte au centre d'un rectangle ===

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/448164/add-text-within-tikz-rectangle-node|Source]]

<code latex>
\draw[draw=none,fill=red!40!white,opacity=0.9] (3, 0) rectangle (9.2, 7.5) node[midway,align=center] {foo};
</code>


=== Rectangle arrondi sans bordure, pivoté, avec texte ===

{{ :latex:capture_d_ecran_du_2022-02-08_18-01-18.png|}}
  * [[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/82530/how-to-draw-a-filled-rectangle-without-a-border-using-tikz]]
  * [[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/96340/how-to-place-a-textnode-at-the-center-of-a-drawn-rectangle/348951]]
  * [[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/115554/how-to-rotate-a-tikz-label]]
  * [[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/45848/rotate-node-text-and-use-relative-positioning-in-tikz]]

<code latex>
\path[rounded corners,fill=compColor] (x1,y1) rectangle (x2,y2) node[pos=.5,rotate=90] {$n$ computing Threads};
</code>

=== Faire une étoile avec un éclair ===

{{ :latex:capture_d_ecran_du_2022-02-08_17-36-48.png|}}
[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/255916/tikz-hand-drawn-explosion]]
<code latex>
\node[starburst,starburst point height=8pt,fill=red,opacity=0.5,text opacity=1,scale=0.8] at (2, 2) {\huge\Lightning};
</code>


=== Chemin avec des flèches ===
{{ :latex:capture_d_ecran_du_2022-02-08_18-18-28.png|}}
  * [[https://latexdraw.com/how-to-draw-an-arrow-in-the-middle-of-a-line-in-tikz/#t-1607758527668]]
  * [[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/3161/tikz-how-to-draw-an-arrow-in-the-middle-of-the-line]]
  * https://www.latex4technics.com/?note=khn6hz
<code latex>
\newcommand{\arrowOnLine}[1]{node[sloped,pos=#1,allow upside down]{\tikz \draw[->,line width=2pt] (-1pt,0) -- (1pt,0);}}

\draw[Round Cap-,line width=2pt,rounded corners,color=commColor] (3.5,0.1)
                                            -- (3.5,1.4) \arrowOnLine{0.4}
                                            -- (1.4,1.4) \arrowOnLine{0.7}
                                            -- (1.4,5) \arrowOnLine{0.5}
                                            -- (6.6,5) \arrowOnLine{0.15} \arrowOnLine{0.9}
                                            -- (6.6,0.4) \arrowOnLine{0.5}
                                            -- (6.2,0) \arrowOnLine{1};

</code>


=== Nouvelle ligne dans du texte dans un nœud ===

L'attribut ''align'' permet de faire fonctionner ''\\'' ([[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/24372/how-to-add-newline-within-node-using-tikz|source]]).
<code latex>
\node[align=center] at (0,0) {Nouvelle\\ligne};
</code>


=== Faire une grosse flèche ===

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/578524/tikz-how-to-draw-a-fat-arrow-specifying-border-and-fill-colour|Source]]

<code latex>
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.arrows}

\node[
    single arrow,
    draw=black,
    fill=gray,
    minimum width=7pt,
    single arrow head extend=3pt,
    minimum height=7mm,
    rotate=-90
] at (5, -4.75) {};
</code>


==== Faire un schéma sur une image ====

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/9559/drawing-on-an-image-with-tikz|Source]]

<code latex>
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \node[anchor=south west,inner sep=0] (image) at (0,0) {\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{some_image.jpg}};
    \begin{scope}[x={(image.south east)},y={(image.north west)}]
        % Ces trois commandes suivantes permettent d'afficher une grille qui aide à visualiser les coordonnées des éléments à dessiner:
        \draw[help lines,xstep=.1,ystep=.1] (0,0) grid (1,1);
        \foreach \x in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=north] at (\x/10,0) {0.\x}; }
        \foreach \y in {0,1,...,9} { \node [anchor=east] at (0,\y/10) {0.\y}; }
    \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
</code>



==== Coordonnées ====


=== Définir des coordonnées ===

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/246856/how-to-label-the-nodes-coordinates-in-tikz-picture|Source]]

<code latex>
\coordinate (B) at (210:2);
</code>


=== Changer l'origine des coordonnées dans le schéma ===

Pour faire quelque chose de répétitif sans avoir à changer toutes les coordonnées, par exemple ([[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/353855/shifting-origin-0-0-to-new-coordinates-in-tikz|source]]):
<code latex>
\begin{tikzpicture}
    \draw [->, very thick] (0, 0) -- (0,-1);
    \tikzset{shift={(0,-1)}}
    \draw [->, very thick] (0, 0) -- (0,-1);
    \tikzset{shift={(0,-1)}}
    \draw [->, very thick] (0, 0) -- (0,-1);
\end{tikzpicture}
</code>


=== Orienter l'axe des ordonnées de haut en bas ===

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/84715/tikz-change-coordinate-system-so-y-points-downwards|Source]]

<code latex>
\begin{tikzpicture}[yscale=-1]
%   0
%    +---> x
%    |
%    |
%    v
%    y
\end{tikzpicture}
</code>



==== Tailles ====

=== Changer la taille d'une figure Tikz ===

Le fichier doit avoir l'extension ''.tikz'' ([[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/75449/specifying-the-width-and-height-of-a-tikzpicture/320521|source]]) :
<code latex>
\usepackage{tikzscale}

\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fichier}
</code>
<code latex fichier.tikz>
\begin{tikzpicture}
% ...
\end{tikzpicture}
</code>

Si un message dit que ''fichier'' n'est pas trouvé, il est possible d'utiliser ''resizebox'' :
<code latex>
\resizebox{\linewidth}{!}{\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{fichier}}
</code>

=== Changer la taille d'un node ===

<code latex>
\draw  node[fill,circle,scale=0.3]{} (0,0);
</code>

=== Fixer la taille d'un cercle ===

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/228364/is-it-possible-to-set-a-maximum-node-width-in-tikz|Source]]

<code latex>
\node[draw,circle,text width=7mm,inner sep=0pt,align=center](11) at (3,0) {11};
</code>
Utiliser le même ''text width=7mm,inner sep=0pt'' pour tous les cercles.


=== Réduire la taille de tous les textes ===

[[https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/107057/adjusting-font-size-with-tikz-picture|Source]]

<code latex>
\begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={scale=0.9}]
    % ...
\end{tikzpicture}
</code>


==== Générer un PDF à partir de seulement l'image Tikz ====

<code latex>
\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,arrows,shapes,patterns,snakes,plotmarks,arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
  \begin{tikzpicture}
    % \draw ...
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
</code>

=== Convertir une image Tikz en SVG ===

Après avoir un PDF contenant uniquement l'image Tikz :
<code bash>
pdftocairo -svg test.pdf test.svg
</code>
''pdftocairo'' est dans le paquet Debian ''poppler-utils''.